Cyber Security Myths That Could Be Putting You at Risk
Cyber security is no longer just an IT issue. It’s a business risk, a reputational risk and, in many cases, a personal risk. Yet despite the steady stream of headlines about data breaches and ransomware attacks, many organisations still rely on outdated assumptions about how cyber threats work — and who they affect.
These assumptions can be costly. They shape budgets, influence decision-making and determine whether preventative controls are implemented or ignored. Working with experienced advisory partners like MyCISO can help organisations challenge these misconceptions and take a more strategic approach to risk.
Here are some of the most common cyber security myths that may be putting you at risk — and what the reality looks like.
Myth 1: “We’re Too Small to Be Targeted”
One of the most dangerous beliefs in cyber security is that only large corporations are attractive to attackers. In reality, small and medium-sized businesses are often seen as easier targets. They may lack dedicated security teams, operate with limited budgets, and rely on outdated systems. Automated attacks do not discriminate — they scan for vulnerabilities, not company size. For attackers, a smaller organisation with weaker controls can be a faster path to financial gain than a well-defended enterprise.
The truth: Every organisation connected to the internet is a potential target. Size does not equal safety.
Myth 2: “We Have Antivirus Software — We’re Covered”
Traditional antivirus tools play a role, but modern cyber threats have evolved significantly. Phishing campaigns, business email compromise, ransomware-as-a-service and supply chain attacks often bypass basic endpoint protection. Cyber security today requires layered controls:
Multi-factor authentication
Secure configuration and patch management
Staff awareness training
Continuous monitoring
Incident response planning
Relying solely on antivirus is like installing a lock on your front door but leaving the windows wide open.
The truth: Cyber defence requires multiple, overlapping safeguards — not just a single tool.
Myth 3: “Cyber Security is the IT Department’s Responsibility”
Cyber security is often treated as a technical issue, but its impact extends across the entire organisation. Finance teams manage payment approvals. HR teams handle sensitive employee data. Executives make strategic technology decisions. Marketing teams control customer databases and digital platforms. Every department touches critical information. Without executive oversight and board-level engagement, cyber risk becomes fragmented and reactive.
The truth: Cyber security is a leadership issue, not just an IT issue.
Myth 4: “If We Get Hacked, Insurance Will Cover It”
Cyber insurance can help mitigate financial loss, but it does not restore lost trust, repair reputational damage or prevent operational disruption. In addition, insurers are increasingly demanding proof of robust security controls before approving claims. If adequate safeguards were not in place, coverage may be reduced or denied. Insurance is a safety net — not a substitute for risk management.
The truth: Prevention and resilience are far more valuable than relying on post-incident compensation.
Myth 5: “Our Staff Would Never Fall for a Phishing Email”
Phishing attacks have become highly sophisticated. They mimic suppliers, executives and trusted brands with alarming accuracy. They exploit urgency, fear and familiarity. Even well-trained professionals can make mistakes under pressure. All it takes is one click. Regular training, simulated phishing campaigns and a culture where employees feel safe reporting suspicious activity are essential components of defence.
The truth: Human error is one of the most common entry points for attackers — and awareness training is critical.
Myth 6: “We’ll Know Immediately if Something Goes Wrong”
Many organisations assume that a cyber breach will be obvious. In reality, attackers can remain undetected for weeks or even months. During that time, they may extract sensitive data, move laterally through systems, or establish backdoors for future access. Continuous monitoring and structured incident detection processes are essential for identifying unusual activity early.
The truth: Without active monitoring, breaches can go unnoticed for extended periods.
Myth 7: “Compliance Means We’re Secure”
Meeting compliance standards is important, but compliance does not automatically equal security. Regulations often establish minimum requirements. Threat actors, however, are constantly innovating. An organisation can technically meet regulatory obligations while still having exploitable vulnerabilities. Cyber security should be treated as an evolving risk management discipline, not a checklist exercise.
The truth: Compliance is a baseline — not a guarantee.
Myth 8: “Cyber Security is Too Expensive”
Many organisations delay investment because they see cyber security as a cost centre rather than a value driver. However, the financial and operational impact of a major breach — downtime, recovery costs, regulatory penalties, legal fees and reputational damage — can far exceed the cost of proactive protection. Strategic cyber investment protects business continuity, customer trust and long-term growth.
The truth: The cost of prevention is almost always lower than the cost of recovery.
Shifting From Myths to Maturity
Cyber threats are not static, and neither should your approach to managing them. The most resilient organisations recognise that cyber security is an ongoing process — one that requires leadership commitment, technical capability and organisational awareness. Dispelling myths is the first step. The next is building a practical, risk-based strategy that aligns with your organisation’s size, industry and risk appetite.
By moving beyond outdated assumptions and adopting a proactive mindset, businesses can significantly reduce their exposure — and ensure that common misconceptions are no longer their weakest link.